目錄高中英語必背短語2000個打印 高中英語作文常用短語和句型 高中英語常用短語及句型歸納 高中英語短語大全5000 高考高頻短語500個
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一．不同的動雀尺詞，后面加上相同的小品詞。
1， 動詞+away構成的短語有：
throwaway扔掉carryaway運走
put away把。收好run away潛逃，鏈檔跑開
giveaway 捐贈，分發 goaway走開
2， 動詞+for構成的短語有：
answerfor 負責 provide for 供養
callfor 要求planfor 打算，為。計劃
hopefor希望，期待askfor 索取，尋找
sendfor 派人去請 gofor努力獲取
pay for償還，賠償waitfor 等待
lookfor 尋找
3， 動詞+on構成的短語有：
tryon試穿，試驗 puton穿上，上演
haveon穿著，戴著pullon穿，戴
holdon不掛斷，堅持，繼續carryon繼續開展，堅持
keepon繼續goon繼續
get on上車 comeon趕快
4， 動詞+over構成的短語有：
comeover過來handover移交
goover仔細檢查，復習 getover 克服，恢復
lookover檢查 thinkover仔細考慮
takeover接受，接管 handover移交
turnover翻轉
5， 動詞+up構成的短語有;
bringup撫養，培養callup召喚，打電話給
comeup走進，上來cutup切碎
fixup修理giveup放棄
goup上升，增長growup長大
lookup尊敬，向上看，查尋makeup虛構，彌補，組成
putup舉起，搭建pick up撿起，搭載，得到
setup建立，創紀錄send up發射
showup揭露，露面turnup出現，把。調高一點
takeup占據，開始從事
6， 動詞+out 構成的短語有：
comeout出來 goout出去，熄滅
lookout 留神，當心棚歲亂 walk out走出
setout出發，開始 putout撲滅。生產
giveout發出，發表handout分發
pickout挑選findout找出，發現
speakout大聲地說 turnout生產，打掃
getout出去，離開 workout 計算出，解決，實行行得通bringout出版
carry out 實現，執行Startout出發，動身
二．同一個動詞后面加上不同的小品詞（介詞或副詞）
1，break+介詞或副詞的短語有：
breakdown 擊敗，摧毀，發生故障，身體垮掉breakout爆發
breakthrough突破，突圍 breakoff中斷，突然停止
breakup打碎，分解，驅散 break in闖入
breakinto破門而入breakaway突然離開，逃脫，脫離
2，bring+介詞的短語有：
bringabout使發生 bringback拿回來，使恢復
bringdown打到，降低bringin 引進
bringout出版，生產bringup培養，養育
bringover把。帶來
3，come+介詞或副詞的短語有：
comein進來 comefrom來自于。
comeabout產生comeover過來
comeout出現，出來comeby從旁邊經過
comeup上來，走進 comeacross偶遇
comealong發生，進步 comeafter跟著。來
comeback 回來 comearound繞道而來
comedown下來 comeon快點，趕快
4，cut+介詞的短語有：
cut in插嘴，插入 cut into切入
cut across抄近路cut back減少
cutoff切斷cut up切碎
cutaway 砍掉 cut down砍到，削減
cutout剪取，剪掉cut through通過，穿過
5，call+介詞或副詞的短語有：
callafter以。的名字來命名callfor要求
callback教會，召回，回憶 callup使人想起，打電話
callon號召，拜訪某人callin(at)在某地稍作逗留，邀請 calloff取消
6， get+介詞或副詞的短語有：
getabout傳播getthrough到達，做完，通過，度過，打電話 getin進入，陷入
geton上車，進展，相處融洽 getoff下車，下來
getout出去，離開 getover克服
getacross 通過，被理解 getalong與。相處融洽
getaway離開，脫身
7， give+介詞或副詞的短語有：
giveup放棄givein屈服，投降
giveaway 贈送，捐贈，泄露，錯過 giveover 移交，交出
giveoff放出，發出，排出give out 分發，散發，放出
giveback歸還
8， go+介詞或副詞的短語有：
goahead著手，開始做 goalong 進展，前進
goaround流傳，傳播goaway 離去，走開
gobeyond超過goby 過去，流逝
godown 下降 goup 上升
gofor喜歡gooff 離開，停止
goon 繼續，發生goover復習
gothrough經歷，穿過
9， look+介詞或副詞的短語有:
lookafter照顧，照料lookaway 把。收拾好，積蓄
lookaround環顧lookat 看
lookdown朝下看 lookfor尋找
lookinto調查lookout當心
lookover檢查lookthrough瀏覽，檢查
lookup 向上看，查閱
10， turn+介詞的短語有：
turnabout/round 向后轉，回頭，轉身 turnagainst反對某人
turnaway 轉過臉去，拒絕 turnback往回走
turnback 往回走 turndown調低，關小，拒絕
turnin上交，上繳turninto變成
turnoff關掉turnon打開
turnout熄滅，生產turn over翻過來
turnto求助于，轉向turnup 調高，到達，出現
11， put+介詞的短語有：
putaside 把。放在一起，積蓄putaway把。收好，積蓄
putback把。放回原處putdown放下，鎮壓
putforward提出，建議 putin放進
putoff推遲，拖延 puton 穿上，戴上，增加，上演
putout生產出，出版 putup舉起
12， be/get/become+過去分詞、形容詞、介詞短語有：
bedressedin穿著be fond of愛好，喜愛
belostin沉溺于be located in位于
beaddicted in 沉溺于be used to習慣于
be curious about 對。好奇 be engaged in忙于。
be glad to樂意。 be convinced of 確信，認識到
be aware of 知道 be worried about 擔心
13， 動詞+副詞+介詞的短語有：
add up to合計得breakawayfrom 從。脫離開
come up with 找到，提出catch up with 趕上
get down to 開始認真地做某事go in for 參加，追求
keep away from 遠離 keep up with 跟上
date back to 追溯到put up with 忍受，容忍
run out of 用完watch out for 當心
look down upon 瞧不起 go ahead with 開始，著手
go along with 一起去，同意 hole on to 堅持
三，有關take的短語：
take after 長相或舉止像take apart 撤開，撤散，把。徹底打敗，對。苛刻
take as 看做，認為take away 拿走，使停學，使離開，
使消失，減去
take back 收回，回憶，送回 take down拿下，取下，記下，推到，撤毀
take in 接待，欺騙，理解，包含 take off 脫下，起飛，成就，成名
take on 開始雇傭，呈現，露出，承擔take out 帶某人去，取得，褪色
take over 接受，接任，接管 take to 喜歡，染上，休息
take up 從事，產生興趣，選修，占用 take for/to be 當做，以為是
take a chance 碰運氣，冒風險take a deep 深吸一口氣
take a hand in 干預take a risk 冒風險
take a seat 坐下 take an interest in 對。感興趣
take steps/measures to do sth 采取措施做某事take aim at 瞄準
take action on 采取行動take by surprise 使。驚奇
take care 當心take care of 照顧，處理，對付，當心
take charge of負責，接管 take cold 感冒，傷風
take control of 控制住，管住take delight 以。為樂
ake effect 開始作用，生效 take for granted 認為是。理所當然
take for example 以。為例take hold of 抓住，吸引住
take it easy 慢慢來 take it or leave it 要不要都行
take note of 把。記下來take notice of 注意，理會
take notes 記筆記take into office 就職，上任
ake one,s breath away 令人驚異take one`s chance 碰運氣
take one`s time 慢慢來take pains 費盡力氣
take trouble 下功夫 take part in 參加
take pity on/upon 可憐 take place 發生，舉行
ake pride in 感到驕傲，自豪 take one`s place 代替某人
take the opportunity 利用機會 take turns 輪流做某事
take sides 支持，偏袒 I take it(that) 我想，我認為
get a better understanding of China 更好地了解中國
get a full mark / full marks 得滿分 get a lot of satisfaction 得到滿足
get at 意指，本意是 get around = get about 四處走動，活動
get away 移走，拿走，逃脫，逃離 get away from 逃脫，逃離
get back 回來，回家，取回，找回，退還
get close to 接近 get down 下來，降下
get down on one’s knees 跪下 get down to (doing) sth 開始(做)某事)
get in 進入，收獲，達到 get in a word 插話
get into… 進入…… get sb into… 使某人陷入
get it 接(電話)，應(門)，理解，懂得 get off 下車，脫下(衣服等)
get on 上車，過活 get on / along with… 進展，與……相處
敬純此get on one’s feet (艱難地)站立起來 get out 離開，出去
get out of 逃避，避免 get over 克服，恢復，原諒
get up 起床，起身 get across 理解，度過
get through 接通(電話)，完成(工作)，通過(考試)
get to 到達，抵達 get to sleep 入睡，設法睡著
get / gain / take possession of 占有，擁有，占領
get ready for 為……做準備
(比較：be ready for = be well prepared for = be in preparation for 為……做好了準備)
get rid of 除掉，去掉 get sb to do 讓某人做
get the idea for… 想到……的主意 get the message across 傳播信息
get together 相聚，碰頭，聯歡
get / be used to sth 習慣于……，適應于……
(比較：be used as sth 被用作……
be used for sth 被用于…褲漏…，亮迅用來做……
be used to do sth 被用于做……
used to do sth 過去常常做)
get / be dressed 穿衣服
get / be engaged (to sb) (與某人)訂婚
get / be lost 丟失了，迷路
get / be married (to sb) = marry (sb) (與某人)結婚
get / be stuck 陷進去，被困住，被難住，遇到困難
get / be tired of 對……感到厭倦，對……失去興趣
(比較：get / be tired for 因……而感到疲倦)
例如：
I’m getting on well with my classmates now.
How are you getting along with your English?
He got the book away from her.
The bank robbers used a stolen car to get away.
When did you get back from the countryside?
Have you got back the book you lent him?
“Get down on your knees,” said the Genie, “for I am going to kill you.”
The dust has got into my eyes.
This mistake may get him into difficulties.
Before I could get in a word he had measured me, and was giving orders for evening suits.
If you knock into someone, or get into his way, you should say, “Excuse me.” or “I’m sorry.”
When you are in London, you might get in touch with a friend of mine.
The conductor got off and checked the rails.
She got on her bicycle and cycled off.
You work too hard! You should get out a bit more.
If you don’t want to go, I suppose I can get rid of the ticket.
We all try to get together at least once a year at Christmas time.
It took us only four minutes to get through the Customs(海關).
I telephoned him, but I just couldn’t get through to him.
She felt so cold that she got close to her mother.
It’s time we got down to work.
The theatre was already full, and we couldn’t get in.
The peasants are busy getting in the crops.
We didn’t get up until lunch time.
He got up and walked over to the window.
(9)give短語：
give away 贈送，給予，背棄，泄露，分發
give back 歸還，送回 give in 投降，讓步，屈服
give off 釋放，發出，放出 (煙、光、熱等)
give out 用完，耗盡，分發，發放 give over = hand over 轉交，移交
give up 放棄，辭去 give a concert 開音樂會
give a description of… 描述…… give / make a speech 演講，講話
give a talk 演講，做報告 give birth to 生嬰兒，生產，造成
give close attention to 密切關注 give medical care to sb 對某人進行治療
give shade in summer 夏天時遮陽 give / lend sb a hand 給某人幫助
give sb a message = give a message to sb 給某人捎個口信
give sb a second look 再看某人一眼 give sb a warm welcome 熱烈歡迎某人
give sb some advice on sth / doing sth / how to do sth 就……向某人提出建議/忠告
例如：
In those days, he used to give away a part of his income to help his friend.
Remember not to give it away to anyone else; it’s a secret.
Both sides argued with reason, and neither would give in.
If they are burned, they will give off poisonous gases.
When they made ready to climb the next ridge (山脊), they found that their oxygen had given out.
Our English teacher is giving out the test papers.
Both the man and the horse gave out after the long ride.
All hope of finding the missing aircraft was given up and the search stopped.
Mary had to give up her job after her marriage.
Mr Black will give us a talk on how to learn English well this afternoon.
Could you give us some advice on reading?
If you won’t have it changed, please give my money back.
(10)go短語：
go abroad 出國 go about 四處走走，開始做，著手干
go about from house to house 挨/逐家拜訪 go against 違反，違背
go ahead 說吧，干吧，領先，走在前面 go / walk around 四處走走
go away 走開，離去 go back 回去
go beyond 超越 go by 走過，經過，(時間)消逝，過去
go down 下來，落下，倒下 go down on one’s knees 跪下
go for 為……去，努力獲取，主張，適用于
go for a hike = go hiking 去徒步旅行
go for a job interview 去面試找工作 go for a walk / walks 散步
go for sb 對某人也一樣 go in for 參加，喜歡
go into 詳細調查 go into details 細說
go off 走開，離去，(鬧鐘)鬧響 go off to = be off to = leave for 動身去
go off the air 停止廣播(比較：go on the air 開始廣播)
go on 發生，進行，繼續 go / be on diet 在節食
go on (a) holiday 去度假 go on a tour to 去……觀光(游覽)
go on a visit to 去……訪問(參觀)
go on doing sth 繼續做某事(同一事)
[比較：go on to do sth 繼續做某事(另一事)
go on with sth 繼續某事]
go out 熄滅，出去 ，外出 go over 復習，過一遍，仔細檢查，審閱
go past 從……的旁邊過去 go up 上升，上漲，增長，攀登
go with… 與……相配
go without 忍受沒有……之苦，沒有……也行，沒有……也能勉強應付
go shopping / fishing / sailing / camping / skating 去購物/釣魚/駕船航行/宿營/滑冰
go straight along 沿著……一直往前走
go through 通過，經受，瀏覽，仔細檢查 go through with 完成
go to bed (上床)睡覺 go to school / work 上學/上班
go to sea 當水手 go to sleep 入睡
go to town 進城 go to a movie 去看電影
go to the country(side) 下鄉 go home / there 回家/去那兒
go to see a doctor 去看病，去看醫生 go bad 變壞
go wrong 出毛病，不對頭，做錯事，誤入歧途
go Dutch 各付各的帳，平攤費用
例如：
No one dared to go against the rules.
—Do you mind if I open the window? / Do you mind my opening the window?
—No, go ahead.
I went away /off wondering if I’d said anything wrong.
I’m afraid the fish has gone bad.
Things will get easier as time goes by.
He went by quickly, taking no notice of us.
If you really want the job, go for it!
Close all the doors and lock them when you go out. The same goes for windows.
I go in for all the competitions.
After a short pause, Maria went on with her story.
Suddenly the candle went out.
Once again I went over exactly what I needed to say.
Let’s go over what we learned last period.
Do you want me to go through this and check your spellings?
Unemployment in that country has gone up by a million.
It is possible to go without food for a few days.
Something’s gone wrong with my watch; I must have it repaired.
(11)have短語：
have a break 休息一下 have a bright future 有一個燦爛的未來
have (got) a cold / cough / headache / fever 感冒/咳嗽/頭疼/發燒
have a conversation with sb 與某人交談
[比較：have a dialogue with sb 與某人對話
have a talk with sb (about sth) (就某事)與某人進行交流
have a word with sb = would like a word with sb 和某人談幾句，跟某人說句話]
have a gift for… 對……有天賦(比較：have a reputation for… 有……名譽/名聲)
have a good flight (坐飛機)旅途愉快
have a good knowledge of … 對……很熟悉，通曉……
have a good laugh over… 對……笑了個夠
have a good / great / wonderful time = have (great) fun 玩得(非常)高興，過得愉快
have a / the habit of …= be in a / the habit of… 有……的習慣
(比較：get into / form the habit of… 養成……的習慣
get sb into the habit of… 使某人養成……的習慣)
have a hit 風靡一時 have a large population 人口眾多
have / take a look 看一看 have a meeting / party 開會/舉行晚會
have a nice / pleasant trip / journey 祝旅途愉快
have (got ) a pain (in the…) (身體某部位)痛
have a part-time job 做兼職工作 have a (good) rest 休息
have / take a seat 坐下(比較：have / take one’s seat 坐某人的座位)
have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼 have a sweet tooth 喜歡吃甜食
have a swim 游泳 have a table tennis match 舉行一場乒乓球比賽
have a test 進行測驗 have a try 試一試
have / show an appetite for… 有……的欲望或愛好
have / make an appointment with sb 和某人有預約, 和某人有約定
have an effect on / upon… 對……有影響，對……產生作用
(比較：influence… = affect … 對……有影響
have no effect / influence on … 對……沒有影響
have a good / bad effect on … 對……有好/壞影響
have a great / little effect on … 對……有很大的影響/影響不大
have a strong influence on… 對……有很大影響)
have / take an exam 參加考試 have an eye for 有眼力，有眼光
have an income of … 有……的收入
have access to … 使用(接近……的)權利或機會
have breakfast / lunch / supper 吃早飯/午飯/晚飯
have lessons / classes 上課
have mercy on… 寬恕……，對……仁慈，對……表示憐憫
have no chance of surviving 沒有生存的可能性
have no choice but to do sth 別無選擇，只好做某事
have none of … 根本不理睬…… have on 穿著
have sth on sb 某人身上帶著某物 have / take one’s medicine 服藥，吃藥
have some difficulty / trouble / problems with … 在……有困難/麻煩事
[比較：have some difficulty / trouble / problems (in ) doing sth 做某事有困難/麻煩]
have something / nothing in common (with…) (與……)有共同點/沒有共同之處
(比較：have much / a lot in common with… 與……有許多相同之處
have little in common with… 與……幾乎沒有相同之處)
have something / nothing to do with … 與……有關/無關
have to = have got to 不得不，必須
例如：
Class is over. Let’s have a break.
I’ve got a cough.
Dad and I had a good laugh over that.
They are having a good time.
He stopped to have a look.
We are going to have a table tennis match tomorrow afternoon.
Are we going to have a meeting this week?
Here is a tree. Let me have a rest.
Are you going to have a swim?
We’ll have a test tomorrow.
Where is Peter? I want to have a word with him.
Does she have lunch at home?
Then it has no choice but to lie down and sleep.
He knew about the order, he knew why the soldiers were there, but he would have none of it.
We have four lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon.
Most of his questions have nothing to do with his lessons.
I noticed that he had on bedroom slippers.
Please come here and have my seat, Granny.
He hasn’t had any medicine.
At three fifty in the afternoon we have sports.
(12)hold短語：
hold a meeting / party 開會/舉行晚會 hold back 退縮，躊躇，阻擋，控制住
hold one’s breath 屏息，不出氣 hold on 等一等，不要掛電話
hold on to 抓住，保住 hold out 伸出，堅持下去，維持
hold up 阻擋，使停頓，舉起，拿起，阻滯
hold together 連在一起，團結一致
例如：
Anger flooded through her. She couldn’t hold it back.
—Could I speak to Mr Smith? —Hold on, please.
The little boy held out his hands.
I think water supplies won’t hold out much longer.
Sorry, I’m late. I was held up at work.
(13)keep短語：
keep away from 避開，別靠近 keep back 隱瞞，忍住，阻止……向前，留下
keep down 控制 keep off 勿踏，勿踩
keep off sb / sth 不接觸或不接近某人/某事物
keep on 繼續進行 keep out 不得入內
keep…out 把……擋住，把……留在外面keep out of … 不進入……
keep up 繼續，保持，堅持，使(情緒等)不低落
keep up with… = catch up with… 跟上，趕上
keep a date 赴約 keep a healthy diet 保持健康的飲食
keep a record / records 保持記錄
keep an eye on 注視，留心，注意，照顧
(比較：keep an eye out for 注視，留心，注意)
keep busy doing 忙著做某事 keep fit 保持健康
keep…in mind = learn…by heart = remember… 把……記住
keep (on) doing sth 繼續不停地做某事
[比較：keep sb doing sth 使某人一直/繼續做某事
keep … from doing 阻止……做，不讓……做
stop / prevent… (from) doing 妨礙/預防/阻止……做，不讓……做]
keep one’s appointment 守約(比較：break one’s appointment 違約)
keep one’s balance 保持平衡 keep one’s word(s) 遵守諾言
keep safe 保持安全 keep silent over … 對……保持沉默
keep the same look 保持原貌 keep watch 保持警戒，站崗
例如：
I would have been here sooner, but the rainstorm kept me back.
Every week there was a rebellion(造反)somewhere, and the Austrian soldiers were kept busy hurrying from one town to another in order to put down the rebellions.
While Leonov was outside the ship, he kept in touch by telephone with his companion and with the earth.
He kept on telling us the same story over and over.
You may depend on his doing what he says, for he is a person who always keeps his words.
Danger! Keep out!
Will this overcoat keep the rain out?
It is also bad manners to keep silent when the teacher asks you a question.
The rain kept up all night.
I see you are getting along well with your English studies. Keep up the good work.
The good news keeps our spirits up.
He walked so fast that I could hardly keep up with him.
Every few hundred meters along the wall there are watch-towers, where soldiers used to keep watch.
There is a sign there saying, “Keep off the grass.”
(14)knock短語：
knock at /on 敲打(門、窗等) knock down 把……撞倒，擊倒
你去買本5年3年吧那本戚隱東西蠻好的上面的詞組高考考到的頻率很高同時你也要注意一下平時爛圓的積累這樣就差高歷廳不多了
上完高中所有課程之后就要進入高考的復習了，所以把高中常用英語短語總結出來是有必要的。下面是我給大家整理的高中英語常用短語總結，供大家參閱!
高中常用英語短語
1. make friends with? 與?交朋友
2. make fun of 取笑 (某人);開?的玩笑
3. make it a condition that? 以??為條件
4. make it possible to do ; make it possible that? 使可能做某事
5. make money out of 靠??掙錢
6. make no difference 毫無差別;沒有影響
7. make noise 制造噪音
8. make oneself done 使自己被別人??
9. make progress 取得進步
10. make repairs 修理，修補
11. make room for 為??騰地方
12. make sense 講得通;很有意義
13. make sentences with 用?造句
14. make sure of 確保;確定
15. make the best of 充分利用，善用
16. make up 編出;組成
17. make up one’s mind (to do sth.) 下定決心做??
18. make use of 利用
19. make??to one’s (own) measure 按照某人的尺寸做??
20. make?from / out of? 由??制作??
21. make?into? 將??制成
22. manage to do 成功地做??;設法做??
23. mark?with? 用??標記??
24. masses of 大多數;大部分
25. match?with? ??與??相搭配
高中必背英語短語
1. mean doing 意味著;意思是
2. mean to do 意圖做
3. measure?with a ruler 用尺子量
4. medical care 醫療護碧橘滾理
5. meet sb. at the station / the airport 到車站/飛機場接某人
6. men’s room 男廁所
7. millions of 數悔余百萬的
8. minority groups 少數民族
9. miss doing 錯過做某事
10. miss one’s footing and fall 沒站穩摔倒了
11. mix?with? 把??混合于??
12. more and more 越來越(多)
13. more or less 差不多;或多或少
14. mouth to mouth 口對口地
15. move in 遷入
16. move on 繼續移動;朝前走
17. natural gas 天然氣
18. neither here nor there 與所述無關的，不相干的
19. neither?nor? 既不??也不
20. never mind 沒關系，別介意
21. newspaper reporter 新聞記者
22. next door 隔壁
23. next to 緊挨著; 接下來;次于
24. no more /longer 不再
25. no more than 不過;僅僅
高中伍螞必備英語短語
1. make a face / make faces 做鬼臉;做苦臉
2. make a film / films 拍攝電影
3. make a fire 生火
4. make a list of 列一張??的清單
5. make a long distance call 打長途電話
6. make a mistake 犯錯誤
7. make a noise 吵鬧，發出響聲
8. make a plan for 為??作計劃
9. make a point 立論;闡明觀點
10. make a promise 答應;允諾
11. make a record 錄制唱片
12. make a search for 找尋
13. make a speech 作演講
14. make a suggestion 提建議
15. make a telephone call to sb. 給某人打電話
16. make a trip 作旅行
17. make an advertisement for 為??做廣告
18. make an announcement 宣布
19. make an answer 回答
20. make an attack on 攻擊
21. make an explanation 作解釋
22. make an offer of 愿給以??
23. make an offer to do 想做某事
24. make ends meet 量入為出;使收支相抵
25. make enemies with 樹敵
高考英語動詞及動詞短語
一、短語動詞的構成
英語中的動詞,按其構成,可分為單詞動詞(single-word verb)和短語動詞(phrasal verb).短語動詞指由兩個或兩個以上單詞構成的動詞.這種動詞主要有三種組合形式:
1.動詞 + 介詞
I agree with (與……看法一致)you on that point.
Before long he took to (愛上)a girl student in his class.
2.動詞 + 副詞
I can't figure out (理解)why he said that.
Uncle Tom passed away (去世)many years ago.
3.動詞 + 副詞+ 介詞
We don't go in for (喜歡)that kind of thing.
I couldn't put up with (忍受)the noise any longer.
在"動詞+副詞+介鬧宏陸詞"的組合中,短語動詞只能看作是一個動詞,絕對絕段不能拆開.
另外,還需要注意的是,以上三類短語動詞都是一些固定搭配,這些短語動詞與某些非固定搭配是有區別的,試比較:
(1) The lights went out.
(2) He put on his coat and went out.
例(1)中的went out(熄滅)是由"動詞+副詞"構成的短語動詞.例(2)中的went out(出去)不是短語動詞,went 是動詞,out是副詞,作狀語.
一般說，動詞兼有及物和不及物用法時，會有兩種情況：一是其應用語境和詞義會有不同；二是在同一個釋義下，可及物又可不及物。這種情況下，它們的區別在于，使用不及物時，強調主語的特征、性質。簡單理解就是，可觸及之物，和不可觸及之物。能觸摸到的是實物，不可觸摸的是虛幻的，抽象的概念。give”，I will give…，give的是什么呢，這不完整，說明give是助動詞，必須加賓語，可以說I will give you a book.這個give就是及物動詞。接下來再舉一例，“listen”，I am listening，意思完整，不用加賓語意思就完整，這個詞就是不及物動詞，不是說不及物動詞就不能加賓語，也能加，但是加的時候要加一個介詞，如listen to me，液頃一定要加介詞。
例如：The children are listening to the music. （listen是不及物動詞)
we study English everyday.(study是及物動詞)
二、及物與不及物短語動詞
由動詞和副詞構成的短語動詞有的起及物動詞的作用,有的起不及物動詞的作用.短語動詞是及物的還是不及物的主要取決于短語動詞的意思.因為,一個短語動詞可能具有兩個或幾個不同的意思,用作某個或某幾個意思時可能是及物的,用作別的意思時又可能是不及物的.例如:
He took off his coat when he entered the house and put it on again when he went out. (take off 是及物短語動詞)
There is often a spectators' balcony at airports, where people can watch the planes taking off and landing. (take off是不及物短語動詞)
及物動詞必須加賓語意思才完整的動詞。 不及物動詞，就是不必加賓語意思就完整的動詞。
The 16th National Book Fair held in Tianjin on May 18th, 2008.（錯誤）
在表示“舉辦活動等”時，hold是一個及物動詞，要求帶賓語；如果不使用賓語，則直接使用其被動語態，可以寫成：
The 16th National Book Fair was held in Tianjin on May 18th, 2008.（正確）
及物不及物的區別:根據動詞其后是否帶有賓語，分為及物動詞（Transitive Verb）、不及物動詞（Intransitive Verb），縮寫形式分別為vt. 和vi.。
動詞及物與不及物通常有以下幾種情況：
a．主要用作及物動詞。及物動詞后面必須直接接賓語。可以用于："主＋謂＋賓"；"主＋謂＋雙賓"；"主＋謂＋賓＋賓補"結構。如：
He reached Paris the day before yesterday.
Please hand me the book over there.
They asked me to go fishing with them.
類似的還有：buy, catch, invent, found, like, observe, offer, prevent, promise, raise, find, forget, receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, select, suppose, show, make, take, tell....
b．主要用作不及物的動詞。不及物動詞后面不能直接接賓語，動詞后要加一個介詞。只能用與："主＋謂"結構。
This is the room where I once lived.
類似的還有：agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, rise, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed....
c．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的動詞，其意義不變。如begin 都是作"開始"講。everybody , our game begins. let us begin our game. 類似的還有：start, answer, sing, close, consider, insist, read, learn, prepare, pay, hurt, improve....
d．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的動詞，其意義完全不同。
這類動詞作不及物動詞是一個意義；而作及物動詞時卻是另一個意義。如lift作不及物動詞時是指煙霧的"消散"。we saw the mountain when the clouds lifted. 作及物動詞時是"升高；舉起"。
He lifted his glass and drank.
類似的還有：beatvi.跳動 vt. 敲、打; grow vi.生長 vt. 種植
playvi.玩耍 vt. 打（牌、球）,演奏 smell vi.發出（氣味） vt. 嗅
ringvi.（電話、鈴）響vt.打電話speak vi.講話vt. 說（語言）
hangvi. 懸掛 vt. 絞死operatevi.動手術vt. 操作
三、及物短語動詞賓語的位置
1. 名詞賓語通常位于這種短語動詞之末.例如:
I am looking for my glasses.
2. 個別短語動詞,其名詞賓語必須放在動詞和副詞之間,不能放在短語動詞之后.例如:
I am going to see the guests off at the airport this afternoon.
3. 對有些短語動詞來說,名詞賓語既可放在整個短語動詞后面,也可放在動詞和介詞或副詞之間.例如:
We'll have to put off the party. 或者We'll have to put the party off.
4. 代詞賓語有時位于短語動詞的詞尾.例如:
I am looking into it.
5. 代詞賓語更常緊跟在動詞之后,代詞賓語的這個位置常見于下列介詞或副詞之前:away, down, in, off, out, up.
四、及物短語動詞后接動詞賓語的問題
1. 及物短語動詞后接動詞賓語時,要用該動詞的動名詞形式.例如:
He insisted on buying this car.
2. 有些短語動詞后面可接不定式.例如:
Most of the members called on the mayor to resign.
3.有的短語動詞既可接動名詞又可接不定式,但意思差別很大,go on doing 和go on to do就是典型的例子.
3. 動詞兼有及物和不及物用法時，注意使用上的區別
例如：
a. My English has improved a lot.
b. My English has been improved a lot.
同樣都說“我的英語有了很大提高。”a只描述了事實，并不含有是怎樣提高的；而b則會隱含是怎樣經過努力提高的。例如：
My English has been improved a lot (with the help of a foreign teacher).
回到本文這個作文題目，表達“書市開幕”，使用動詞open，就有可能用到其及物和不及物用法，如：
The 16th National Book Fair opened in Tianjin on May 18th, 2008.
這里“open”為不及物動詞；
The 16th National Book Fair was opened in Tianjin on May 18th, 2008.
這里“open”為及物動詞。
英語里的動詞，大部分都是兼有及物和不及物用法，在使用中要特別加以注意。
4. 動詞兼有其他詞性時，在使用上要注意不要引起歧義
有很多動詞還具有其他詞性，例如：
like可以是動詞，還可以是介詞。例如：
I like playing football very much. （like為及物動詞）
I don’t feel like playing football right now.（like為介詞）
open可以是動詞，還可以是形容詞。例如：
The 16th National Book Fair opened in Tianjin on May 18th, 2008.（open為動詞）
The 16th National Book Fair was open in Tianjin from May 18th, 2008. （open為形容詞）
需要注意的是，在使用動詞open時，更強調動作，所以對應開幕當天；而要使用形容詞open時，更強調狀態，所以對應開幕時間段，句子中的介詞使用了“from…（to）…”
動詞兼有其他詞性時，在使用上既要注意不同詞性對應出的不同語境，還要注意，由于詞性不同，可能詞義也不同，不要由于誤用引起歧義，鬧出笑話。
[解題過程]
1、及物動詞后面必須接賓語的動詞叫做及物動詞。有的動詞必須接一個賓語，有的必須接兩個賓語。
單賓語
He is sreading amagazine.
他正在讀一本雜志。
雙賓語
MrZhang teaches us English.
張老師教我們英語。
復合賓語必須接一個賓語同時接一個補語
We often hear him sing in the park.
我們經常聽到他在公園里唱歌。
2、不及物動詞本身意義完整，后面不需要接賓語。
例如：
The rain stopped.
雨停了。
What happened yesterday?
昨天發生了什么？
注意：不及物動詞沒有被動語態。
3、實際上很多動詞既是及物動詞，又是不及物動詞。我舉一個例子，就說write。如I am writing.和I am writing aletter.在前一個句子write是不及物動詞，在后一個句子write是及物動詞。 又如，see是及物動詞，但在特殊情況下如seeing is believing。及物動詞有被動形式（因為被動形式的本質就是把賓語作為主語，所以能加賓語才可能會有被動式）。
與之相對，不及物動詞不能直接跟賓語，如果要跟賓語必須在病愈之前加上介詞。因此，不及物動詞沒有被動形式。
舉個例子：give給，要說give sb sth sb sth.都是give 的賓語，因此give在這里是及物動詞
rise升起The sun rises.后面不加賓語的，所以rise是不及物動詞
raise提升She raised the gun.她舉起槍。槍是賓語，使舉的對象，所以raise在這里是及物動詞。
另外有一點，英語中有不少單詞既可以做及物動詞也可以作不及物動詞的。比如sing等，既可以說sing a song,也可以直接說sb sing
一、過去分詞用在被動語態時
1、把握的關鍵
（1）有些動詞既是及物(vt.)又是不及物(vi.)，但表達形式不同其含義也就不同。
（2）只有用作及物動詞的過去分詞才可以構成被動語態。
（3）用作不及物動詞(vi.)的過去分詞不適用于被動語態，通常只能用主動形式表被動的含義，說明主語的性質、狀態、特征等。常見的有下列動詞：sell, wash , write, read, tear, wear, open, close, shut, lock, begin, start, stop, last, translate, , belong to, iron, smoke, eat, smell, taste, look, fell, sound, appear, turn out, prove, 等。
2、示例
a. This shirt has to be washed (vt.)and ironed (vt.) every day. But luckily it washes (vi.) well and irons (vi.) easily.這件襯衫每天都得洗熨，但幸運的是它好洗易熨。
b. The breakfast this morning wan cooked (vt.) enough but eaten (vt.) only a little because it didn’t cooked (vi.) very well and not eaten (vi.) deliciously.今天的早飯做得多但吃得少是因為做得不好，吃起來不香。
c. The story was written (vt.) by Tom .It writes well and reads easily.(vi.)這個故事是湯姆寫的。故事寫得好，容易讀懂。
二、過去分詞用作非謂語動詞時
（一）先用表格呈現總輪廓
過去分詞 vt. vi. 說明
一般式 1.表被動 2.動作已經完成 1.表主動2.動作已經完成 只有一種時態和語態形式
否定形式 not + 過去分詞 要否定分詞所表示的動作，在其前加not
過去分詞
短語 過去分詞+賓語或狀語 過去分詞可以和自己的賓語或狀語構成分詞短語
獨立主格
結構 名詞/人稱代詞主格 + 過去分詞 只用作狀語，即：過去分詞作狀語時，如果其邏輯主語和句子的主語不相一致，就要在前加名詞或人稱代詞主格
句法功能 作定語、賓語補足語、表語、狀語 過去分詞用作非謂語動詞，其作用相當于形容詞或副詞
（二）根據句法作用理清用法
1、作定語
1) 把握的關鍵：
a. 單個的過去分詞作前置定語（個別幾個過去分詞習慣上后置）。
b. 過去分詞短語作后置定語。
c. 及物動詞的過去分詞和邏輯主語（即它所修飾的名詞）之間是被動關系，強調動作已完成，可以擴展為一個謂語動詞是被動語態的定語從句。
d. 不及物動詞的過去分詞和邏輯主語之間是主動關系（即：只說明邏輯主語所處的狀態、特點、特征等），強調動作已完成，可以擴展為一個謂語動詞是主動語態的定語從句。
2) 示例
a. a repaired car (vt. /前置，動作已完成)
= a car which has been repaired 一輛修好了的車子
b. a question discussed yesterday (vt. /后置，動作已完成)
= a question which was discussed yesterday 一個昨天討論過的問題
c. the risen sun (vi. /前置，動作已完成)
= the sun which has risen升起的太陽
d. the fallen leaves on the ground (vi. /后置，動作已完成)
= the leaves which have fallen on the ground 落在地面上的樹葉
3) 還應注意：某些過去分詞脫離了動詞特征當作形容詞使用作定語時，表示人的心里狀態、情感變化等，即：人對事物所產生的心理反應或看法，“人感到……” 。例如：
a. the excited boys 這些激動的孩子（= the boys who feel excited 即：孩子們感到激動）
b. the surprised look on her face 她臉上吃驚的表情（= people feel surprised when seeing the look on her face 即：人看了感到吃驚的表情）
c. an interested man 一個有趣之人（= people think that the man is interesting即：人們覺得此人很有趣。）
2、做賓語補足語
1) 把握的關鍵
a. 過去分詞作賓語補足語時，其邏輯主語就是它的賓語。
b. 及物動詞的過去分詞和邏輯主語之間是被動關系，動作已完成。
c. 不及物動詞只有gone, come, arrived, risen, fallen, left等少數幾個動詞可以用來作賓語補足語, 并且和邏輯主語之間是主動關系，動作已完成。
2) 示例
a. I heard him hit by his father yesterday.（vt./被動）
我聽說他昨天挨父親的打了。
b. He had his car repaired. (vt. /被動)
他把車子修好了。
c. She fell asleep, without the light turned off.(vt. /被動)
她沒關燈就睡著了。
d. When I got to the station, I found the train gone/left. （vi./主動）
到車站時，我發現火車已開走。
3、作表語
1) 把握的關鍵
a. 只限于單個過去分詞作表語（過去分詞短語不作表語）。
b. 只有 come, gone, left 等少數幾個不及物動詞的過去分詞可以用來作表語。
c. 能用作表語的過去分詞已脫離了動詞的特征，只當作形容詞使用，說明主語的狀態，即人對事物的看法以及心理反應等。
2) 示例
a. The glass is broken.這個杯子破了。
b. He is very excited at the news.聽到這個消息他很激動。
c. Hearing the bad news, she felt very disappointed. 聽到這個壞消息，她很失望。
d. Spring is come, and the weather is getting warmer. 春天來了，天氣也暖和了起來。
e. My hope is gone.我的希望破滅了。
4、作狀語
1) 把握的關鍵
a. 過去分詞（短語）作狀語時，和邏輯主語（句子的主語）之間存在被動關系，所表示的動作在句子謂語動詞所表示的動作之前發生或完成。
b. 用作狀語的過去分詞（短語）的邏輯主語要和句子的主語相一致（即：同一個人或物），否則，就要用獨立主格結構，或相應的狀語從句表達。
2) 示例
a. Not written interestingly, the book doesn’t sell well.
這本書寫得沒意思，因而銷售不暢。
（作原因狀語。written 的邏輯主語是the story, 存在邏輯上的被動關系；動作在sell之前完成。） 又如：
b. Repaired, the car runs very well.（作時間狀語）
車子修過之后，運行很正常。
c. He came into the room, followed by his students. (作伴隨狀語)
他走進了教室，學生跟隨其后。
d. Given more time, I can do it better.(作條件狀語)
如果多給些的時間，我會把此事做得更好一些。
e. Warned many times, he didn’t pay enough attention to it.(作讓步狀語)
提醒過他好多次，可他就是對此沒有引起足夠的注意。
f. The work finished, we sat down and had a rest.
工作干完了之后，我們坐下來休息了一會。
（獨立主格結構作時間狀語。finished的邏輯主語是the work）再如：
g. The thief sat on the ground, his hands tied behind his back.(獨立主格結構作伴隨/方式狀語) 小偷坐在地上，手被綁在背后。
h. All considered, you can start the work. (獨立主格結構作條件狀語)
如一切都考慮周全的話，你可以開始這項工作了。
3) 還應注意：
a. 作狀語的過去分詞（短語）只為句子的一個成份。因此，和句子的中間不能插入任何并列連詞，比如and ,but ,so 等。例如：
Told many times, but he didn’t do it well. ( but 使用錯誤)
b. 過去分詞（短語）作狀語時，還可以在前面加上相應的連詞，如：when, while, as, after, before, till, until, if, unless, although, though, even if，even though, once等（但是獨立主格結構前再不能加這類連詞）；或改寫成相應的狀語從句（除伴隨狀語外）。例如：
i.（ If ）permitted, we can leave right now. (= If we are permitted, we can leave right now.)如果許可，我們現在就走。
ii.（ When ）heated, ice will be changed into water. (= When it is heated, ice will be changed into water.冰加熱時，就會變成水。
iii. (Once) seen, it can never be forgotten.(= Once it is seen, it can never be forgotten. 這東西一旦看到一次，就永遠也忘不了。
iv. (Although) written for the teachers, the book is also useful to the students.(= Although it is written for the teacher, the book is also useful to the students. 盡管這本書是為老師寫的，對學生也有用。
